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Hollow Stem Augers are used for unconsolidated soils, wet conditions and monitoring well installations. These are used when formations are prone to collapse. Hollow stem augers are a larger diameter, making for a slower process and greater amount of cuttings.

This method typically utilizes a Claw Bit to advance solid stem auger flights into the ground. The drilling equipment applies pressure against the top of the stem while turning it into the ground. Solid Stem Augers are used primarily for drilling in consolidated soils. They are effective in soft to medium formations and are a great tool for creating small to medium diameter boreholes without introducing any fluids.

The standard penetration test (SPT) is an in-situ dynamic penetration test designed to provide information on the geotechnical engineering properties of soil. This test is the most frequently used subsurface exploration drilling test performed worldwide. The test provides samples for identification purposes and provides a measure of penetration resistance which can be used for geotechnical design purposes.

Shelby tube sampling methods are used to collect undisturbed samples of soft, fine-grained (cohesive) soils in an effort to recover intact samples which are representative of the in-situ soil density and water content; two factors which are essential for evaluating engineering properties such as the strength, compressibility, permeability, and density of fine-grained soils. The sample is subsequently extruded from the Shelby tube using an appropriately-sized hydraulic extruder and extrusion platen.

The split spoon sampler is a tube split into two equal halves lengthwise. The two halves are locked together during the sampling activities and released to retrieve the samples. At bottom end of the sampler sits a driving shoe. This is what cuts into the soil and provides the sample that goes up into the tube. At the other end of the tube is a coupling that allows it to connect to the drilling rod. Once a sample is taken, the operator removes the ends from the tube. This allows the tube to “split” open. Representative samples can be taken and shipped to a lab for analysis.

An inclinometer is an instrument used for measuring the angles of slope/tilt and elevation/depression of an object with respect to gravity. Piezometer is used to measure underground water pressure. It converts water pressure to a frequency signal via a diaphragm and a tensioned steel wire. The frequency signal is then returned to the readout device, to measure the water pressure. Monitoring well means a well that is used to measure or monitor the level, quality, quantity, or movement of subsurface water